梦之线光栅单色器温度起伏对能量漂移的影响

为了确保光栅单色器温度起伏引起的能量漂移不影响光束线的表观能量分辨率,建立了单色器高精度的恒温环境。结合上海光源梦之线设计,根据光栅衍射方程推导出单色器温差与能量漂移之间的关系;据此设计了沿光束方向温度起伏较小的单色器恒温环境,测试了温度控制系统不同条件下的长期温度稳定性,并通过长时间多次测量氮气K边吸收谱的方法,得到了相应的能量漂移。结果显示:温度控制系统未启动的情况下,棚屋内最大温度变化约为0.62K,测得的能量漂移约为49 meV;温度控制系统使用独立冷水机时,最大温度变化约为0.20 K,相应的能量漂移约为17meV。实验表明,建立的单色器恒温环境满足设计要求,使得单色器温差引起的能量漂移对梦之线表观能量分辨率的影响得到有效控制。     

Long-period fiber grating sensor induced by electric-arc discharge for dual-parameter measurement

A long-period fiber grating sensor induced by electric-arc discharge has been fabricated and demonstrated for the simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain. The proposed sensor was fabricated by inscribing a sing-mode fiber with periodic electric-arc discharge technology that was produced from a commercial fusion splicer. The resonance dips formed by the coupling between cladding modes and core mode have different sensitivity responses, so the simultaneous measurement for multiple parameters was realized by monitoring the wavelength shifts of the resonance dips. Because of the easy fabrication and low cost, the sensor is promising for applications for which simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain is required.     

沥青混凝土路面光栅应变传感器的试验研究

疲劳是沥青路面设计标准之一,沥青混凝土的疲劳失效与沥青层底拉应变值的大小相关.为了准确测得在实际车辆荷载作用下沥青层底的应变响应,采用光栅应变传感器代替传统的电信号传感器进行路面应变测量的试验研究,结果表明光栅传感器在抗振动、抗电磁干扰等方面性能较好,试验结果与路面结构和材料类型相符,能够满足路面应变测量的要求.     

啁啾相移光纤光栅的多层薄膜分析新方法

将啁啾相移光纤光栅看成一多层薄膜体系,每层膜用界面传输矩阵和膜层传输矩阵表示,将每层的传输矩阵相乘后得到相移光纤光栅的传输谱.数值计算结果表明:传输谱的峰值和带宽取决于相移光纤光栅的啁啾系数、相移大小、位置及相移点的多少.该模型的精度满足设计要求.     

Development of a monitoring and warning system based on optical fiber sensing technology for masonry retaining walls and trees

Hong Kong has a long history of applying masonry retaining walls to provide horizontal platforms and stabilize man-made slopes. Due to the sub-tropical climate, some masonry retaining walls are colonized by trees. Extreme weather, such as typhoons and heavy rains, may cause rupture or root failure of those trees, thus resulting in instability of the retaining walls. A monitoring and warning system for the movement of masonry retaining walls and sway of trees has been designed with the application of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology. The monitoring system is also equipped with a solar power system and 4G data transmission devices. The key functions of the proposed monitoring system include remote sensing and data access, early warning, and real-time data visualization. The setups and working principles of the monitoring systems and related transducers are introduced. The feasibility, accuracy, serviceability and reliability of this monitoring system have been checked by in-site calibration tests and four-month monitoring. Besides, a two-level interface has been developed for data visualization. The monitoring results show that the monitored masonry retaining wall had a reversible movement up to 2.5 mm during the monitoring period. Besides, it is found that the locations of the maximum strain on trees depend on the crown spread of trees.     

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基于高炉冷却壁光纤光栅热态实验的基本原理,分析了光纤光栅传感器在高炉冷却壁在线监测中的优势。对高炉冷却壁以光纤光栅为传感器的热态实验进行了系统误差分析,并探讨了系统误差产生的可能原因。通过实验数据分析,得到冷却壁表面温度和热应力与以光纤光栅传感器输出的波长之间的关系。对热态实验数据进行误差和不确定度的分析,从而确定数据的可靠性,为实验数据的修正和准确性判断提供了依据。     

Wavelength switchable L-band erbium-doped fiber laser employing C-band EDFA as gain medium

A new structure for the L-band multiwavelength switchable erbium-doped fiber laser is proposed. Overlapping laser cavities are formed by cascading fiber Bragg gratings as reflectors in a ring structure with a C-band EDFA as a common gain medium. The proposed laser is made to be wavelength-switchable by individually adjusting the loss of each overlapping cavity. Instead of using an L-band EDFA as the gain medium in the L-band fiber laser, we have experimentally demonstrated that by tailoring the gain of the C-band EDFA to have a significant gain tilt in the L-band, a lasing power efficiency of 26% can be achieved over a wide range of switchable lasing wavelengths. Following this optimal design, the side-mode suppression ratio and the minimal separation between two switchable lasing wavelengths were found to be over 42 dB and 0.33 nm, respectively.     

衍射光栅槽形隆起的数学建模及演变规律

以79g/mm的中阶梯衍射光栅为目标,研究衍射光栅机械刻划过程中铝膜的槽形隆起机制。首先,经过4次坐标变换,建立了光栅槽形的塑流剖面。然后,基于Lee and Shaffer提出的滑移线场模型,在塑流剖面内建立起包含滞留区域的滑移现场模型,并根据Dewhurst and Collins提出的矩阵算法对滑移线场进行求解,最终得到槽形隆起尺寸模型。最后,通过DEFORM软件对槽形隆起尺寸的演变规律进行模拟分析。     

Torsion sensor based on two cascaded long period fiber gratings fabricated by CO2 laser pulse irradiation and HF etching technique respectively

A novel torsion sensor is proposed, which is composed of one long period fibre grating and one asymmetrically corrugated long period fibre grating based on the high-frequency CO₂ laser pulses technology and burning fibre coating and etching cladding technology, respectively. By combing the advantages of the two aforementioned elements, a sensitivity of 331.7 and 310.3 pm/(rad/m) towards clockwise and anticlockwise direction, respectively, is reached in the experiments.     

Tunable dual-band nearly perfect absorption based on a compound metallic grating

Traditional metallic gratings and novel metamaterials are two basic kinds of candidates for perfect absorption. Comparatively speaking, metallic grating is the preferred choice for the same absorption effect because it is structurally simpler and more convenient to fabricate. However, to date, most of the perfect absorption effects achieved based on metamaterials are also available using an metallic grating except the tunable dual(multi)-band perfect absorption. To fill this gap, in this paper, by adding subgrooves on the rear surface as well as inside the grating slits to a free-standing metallic grating, tunable dual-band perfect absorption is also obtained for the first time. The grooves inside the slits is to tune the frequency of the Cavity Mode(CM) resonance which enhances the transmission and suppresses the reflectance simultaneously. The grooves on the rear surface give rise to the phase resonance which not only suppresses the transmission but also reinforces the reflectance depression effect. Thus, when the phase resonance and the frequency tunable CM resonance occur together, transmission and reflection can be suppressed simultaneously, dual-band nearly perfect absorption with tunable frequencies is obtained. To our knowledge, this perfect absorption phenomenon is achieved for the first time in a designed metallic grating structure.